Technology

Piezoelectric Charge Constant

The piezoelectric charge constant, d, is the polarization generated per unit of mechanical stress (T) applied to a piezoelectric material or, alternatively, is the mechanical strain (S) experienced by a piezoelectric material per unit of electric field applied.

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Permittivity

The permittivity, or dielectric constant, , for a piezoelectric ceramic material is the dielectric displacement per unit electric field. T is the permittivity at constant stress, S is the permittivity at constant strain. The first subscript to indicates the direction of the dielectric displacement; the second is the direction of the electric field.

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Frequency Constant

When an unrestrained piezoelectric ceramic element is exposed to a high frequency alternating electric field, an impedance minimum, the planar or radial resonance frequency

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Electromechanical Coupling Factor

The electromechanical coupling factor, k, is an indicator of the effectiveness with which a piezoelectric material converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, or converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The first subscript to k denotes the direction along which the electrodes are applied; the second denotes the direction along which the mechanical energy is applied, or developed.

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Elastic Compliance

Elastic compliance, s, is the strain produced in a piezoelectric material per unit of stress applied and, for the 11 and 33 directions, is the reciprocal of the modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus, Y). sD is the compliance under a constant electric displacement; sE is the compliance under a constant electric field. The first subscript indicates the direction of strain, the second is the direction of stress.

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